Fish Spring National Wildlife Refuge is situated about 40 miles east of the Nevada border in Utah.  This remote basin reminded me a bit of Death Valley but nestled in the basin were a series of interesting geothermal features including springs that rose out of the ground like mini calderas with water temperature near the boiling point.

Here is some interesting data from the Utah Geological Survey as they tested the water quality of the Springs.  There is some other information regarding microbes that is inconclusive, but I know for a fact that I could see orange algae like  mats and a few green algae mats that were floating at the surface.

 Some of these pots were hotter than others but all of the pots that I placed my hand in, became uncomfortable hot within 10 seconds or less.  I am guessing that the water ranged between 140 and 180 degrees. I even noticed some water bubbling in the middle of the pots.

It us interesting to us that this is yet another example that I have found where extremophiles, Algea, Bacteria, and microbes can thrive in such hostile conditions where the other 99.9 percent of living organisms on this planet would perish. 

Lake Bonneville existed from about 32,000 years ago until about 14,500 years ago, when the climate dried up the lake leaving what we know today as the great salt lake.  During this time, volcanic action erupted forming small plateaus and springs spewed out minerals onto the area we know today as Fish Springs.

On the range to the east, you can see the shoreline of Lake Bonneville along with other remains including salt deposits that were crunchy and gooy to the point where someone could sink into the salty marsh lands where these spring were located.

It was not the safest place to go on a hike as you could easily break through and into a underground stream just feet below with 160-180+ degree mineral water encapsulating your foot. Yes, it did happen to me, I was walking though and broke through up to my knee and could feel my foot heating up fast!!! I pulled my leg out and found stable ground, so be careful walking out there!! I can see how people can fall through the crumbly mineral rim stone dam surround the caldera and cooking themselves like a lobster.  

Walking through this landmine of brittle hot disaster and crunchy mud slogging mineral compound, I was able to find 8 pots with some excellent water flow and one that had a set up of pipes and bath tubs for people to sit in and soak under a cooler condition instead of the scolding hot water re surging from the pot once it reaches open air.

further west onto the basin we found some other springs but they had a bit more static water flow and were not as hot.  We assumed that they are not as active as the ones I was at previously, So the place I was at must be a interesting geothermal radius.

This is one of the most remote places we have been and only saw a few cars drive by all day long except for the massive heard of sheep and the sheepdogs maintaining their heard.

There was not anyone at the visitor center or anywhere else on the property and we literally had this place to ourselves.

I was fascinated to see how the desert was so vast and how much it resembled Death Valley but closer than the drive to death valley.

There is also a cave called Hot Springs Cave which is a gated cave to protect the historic value that has been left for excavation from Indian tribes that thrived in the area back when lake Bonneville was more of a vibrant place to hunt and fish. 

There is one spring in particular that I found to be a very interesting opportunity for a dive.  The water was cool, it was a clear blue color, it is big, and there is a substantial amount of water leaving the resurgence.  There is a mountain range of metamorphic volcanic rock behind the spring which has a few small lava tube and fissure caves, so there is a lot going with this lead but there are some drawbacks.

The spring has a fenced in closed gate around the circumference of the spring with a sign that says no public access beyond this point, there are three locked metal relief holes to the south of the spring, and there is another sign that states that swimming is prohibited "dangerous waters".

 I am curious to know what makes these waters dangerous if it is ameba's, flocculating water temp levels, or another unknown activity. This left me in question as to what to expect under these waters and with the sun setting, and a few other factors, I have put this spring on hold for another time. more to be continued....